Aiming at the problem of frequent migration of containers triggered by dynamic changes of cluster workload, a container deployment method based on resource reservation was proposed. Firstly, a dynamic change description mechanism of single-container resource demand based on Markov chain model was designed to describe the resource demand situation of single container. Secondly, the dynamic change of multi-container resource was analyzed based on the single-container Markov chain model to describe the container resource demand state. Thirdly, a container deployment and resource reservation algorithm for dynamic workload was proposed based on the multi-container Markov chain. Finally, the performance of the proposed algorithm was optimized based on the analysis of container resource demand characteristics. The simulation experimental environment was constructed based on the domestic software and hardware environment, and the simulation results show that in terms of resource conflict rate, the performance of the proposed method has the performance close to the optimal peak allocation strategy named Resource with Peak (RP), but its number of required hosts and container dynamic migration number are significantly less; in terms of resource utilization rate, the proposed method has the number of hosts used slightly more than the optimal valley allocation strategy named Resource with Valley (RV), but has less dynamic migration number and lower resource conflict rate; compared with the peak and valley allocation strategy named Resource with Valley and Peak (RVP), the proposed method has better comprehensive performance.